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Mass surveillance in the United States : ウィキペディア英語版 | Mass surveillance in the United States
The practice of mass surveillance in the United States dates back to wartime monitoring and censorship of international communications from, to, or which passed through the United States. After the First World War and the Second World War, the surveillance continued, via programs such as the Black Chamber and Project SHAMROCK. The formation and growth of federal law-enforcement and intelligence agencies such as the FBI, CIA, and NSA institutionalized surveillance, such as the COINTELPRO projects from 1956–1971, which targeted various organizations and individuals deemed subversive, including anti-war and civil rights activists. The formation of the ECHELON collaboration of five English-speaking nations in the latter half of the 1940s focused on interception of electronic communications, with substantial increases in surveillance capabilities described as necessary for thwarting terrorism following the September 11th attacks of 2001. A series of media reports in 2013 revealed more recent programs and techniques employed by the US intelligence community. Advances in computer and information technology allow the creation of huge national databases that facilitate mass surveillance in the United States. == History ==
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